Glossary (A - Z)
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Browsing: OObject clitic
A direct object or indirect object which is not an independent word. In Arabic, they are suffixes which are added to a verb, pronoun, or preposition.
Occipital lobe
The smallest of the four lobes of the human brain; responsible for visual processing.
Occipito-temporal areas
Of, relating to, or distributed to the occipital and temporal lobes of the brain. See occipital lobe. See temporal lobe.
One-to-one correspondence
In mathematics, each item in a set is counted once and the final number is the number of items in the set.
Onset-rime awareness
In a syllable, the onset is the initial consonant or consonants, and the rime is the vowel and any consonants that follow it (e.g., in the word 'sat', the onset is 's' and the rime is 'at'; in the word 'flip', the onset is 'fl' and the rime is 'ip').
Open-ended question/statement
A question or statement designed to encourage a full, meaningful answer using the subject's own knowledge and/or feelings (e.g., Tell me about your favourite movie).
Oral language skills
Refers to fluency in speaking and listening. Includes vocabulary, grammatical knowledge and narrative discourse skills.
Oral mechanism evaluation/screening
An examination of the mouth and surrounding structures by a speech-language pathologist or related professional, such as a dentist or doctor; focuses specifically on anatomically correct structure and function within normal range.
Oral motor exercises
Exercises used to overcome muscle weakness or difficulty using articulators. These exercises are recommended by a speech-language pathologist or related professional.
Oral motor skills
Refers to the movement of the lips, cheeks, tongue, jaw, muscles of the mouth and the coordination of these movements.
Orbitofrontal cortex
The region of the frontal lobe of the brain that is involved in decision making and other cognitive processes; also has a role in emotion.
Order irrelevance
The concept that stopping and starting points are irrelevant to counting accuracy; the order in which the items are counted - left to right, right to left, or starting in the middle- does not matter.
Ordinal
A scale using numbers or symbols to rank order; its intervals are unspecified (e.g., first, second, third).
Orthographic
The visual representation of the order and use of symbols and letters in a written language; the spelling of a language.
Orthographic knowledge
The knowledge that sounds within a language are represented by specific letters or symbols.
Orthographic processing
The ability to form, store and access orthographic representations (i.e., spelling of words) (Stanovich & West, 1989).
Orthographic skill
See orthographic processing.
Orthographic unit
The symbol used for a single written word.
Orthography
A system for representing the sounds of language by written symbols. This involves correct spelling patterns and rules.
Otolaryngologist
A medical doctor specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose and throat disorders.